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For the privacy policy for Wikipedia, see.A privacy policy is a statement or a legal document (in ) that discloses some or all of the ways a party gathers, uses, discloses, and manages a customer or client's data. It fulfills a legal requirement to protect a customer or client's. Can be anything that can be used to identify an individual, not limited to the person's name, address, date of birth, marital status, contact information, ID issue, and, financial records, credit information, medical history, where one travels, and intentions to acquire goods and services. In the case of a business it is often a statement that declares a party's policy on how it collects, stores, and releases personal information it collects. It informs the client what specific information is collected, and whether it is kept confidential, shared with partners, or sold to other firms or enterprises. Privacy policies typically represent a broader, more generalized treatment, as opposed to data use statements, which tend to be more detailed and specific.The exact contents of a certain privacy policy will depend upon the applicable law and may need to address requirements across geographical boundaries and legal jurisdictions. Most countries have their own legislation and guidelines of who is covered, what information can be collected, and what it can be used for.

• Sample Privacy Policy

A simple web app to generate a generic privacy policy for your Android/iOS apps.

In general, data protection laws in Europe cover the private sector as well as the public sector. Their privacy laws apply not only to government operations but also to private enterprises and commercial transactions.California Business and Professions Code, Internet Privacy Requirements (CalOPPA) mandate that websites collecting (PII) from California residents must conspicuously post their privacy policy.

Contents.History In 1968, the Council of Europe began to study the effects of technology on, recognizing the new threats posed by computer technology that could link and transmit in ways not widely available before. As well, in 1969 the (OECD) began to examine the implications of personal information leaving the country. All this led the council to recommend that policy be developed to protect personal data held by both the private and public sectors, leading to Convention 108. In 1981, (Convention 108) was introduced. One of the first privacy laws ever enacted was the Swedish in 1973, followed by the West German Data Protection Act in 1977 and the French Law on Informatics, Data Banks and Freedoms in 1978.In the United States, concern over privacy policy started around the late 1960s and 1970s saw the passage of the.

Although this act was not designed to be a privacy law, the act gave consumers the opportunity to examine their credit files and correct errors. It also placed restrictions on the use of information in credit records. Several congressional study groups in the late 1960s examined the growing ease with which automated personal information could be gathered and matched with other information. One such group was an advisory committee of the, which in 1973 drafted a code of principles called the Fair Information Practices. The work of the advisory committee led to the Privacy Act in 1974. The United States signed the guidelines in 1980.In Canada, a was established under the in 1977.

In 1982, the appointment of a Privacy Commissioner was part of the new Privacy Act. Lost girl season 1 download hd torrent. Canada signed the OECD guidelines in 1984.

Fair information practice. Main article:There are significant differences between the EU data protection and US data privacy laws. These standards must be met not only by businesses operating in the EU but also by any organization that transfers personal information collected concerning citizens of the EU.

In 2001 the United States Department of Commerce worked to ensure legal compliance for US organizations under an opt-in Safe Harbor Program. The FTC has approved TRUSTe to certify streamlined compliance with the US-EU Safe Harbor.Current enforcement In 1995 the (EU) introduced the for its member states.

As a result, many organizations doing business within the EU began to draft policies to comply with this Directive. In the same year, the U.S. (FTC) published the Fair Information Principles which provided a set of non-binding governing principles for the commercial use of personal information.

While not mandating policy, these principles provided guidance of the developing concerns of how to draft privacy policies.The United States does not have a specific federal regulation establishing universal implementation of privacy policies. Congress has, at times, considered comprehensive laws regulating the collection of information online, such as the Consumer Internet Privacy Enhancement Act and the Online Privacy Protection Act of 2001, but none have been enacted. In 2001, the FTC stated an express preference for 'more law enforcement, not more laws' and promoted continued focus on industry self-regulation.In many cases, the FTC enforces the terms of privacy policies as promises made to consumers using the authority granted by Section 5 of the which prohibits unfair or deceptive marketing practices. The FTC's powers are statutorily restricted in some cases; for example, airlines are subject to the authority of the (FAA), and cell phone carriers are subject to the authority of the (FCC).In some cases, private parties enforce the terms of privacy policies by filing lawsuits, which may result in settlements or judgments. However, such lawsuits are often not an option, due to in the privacy policies or other agreements.Applicable law United States. Main article:While no generally applicable law exists, some federal laws govern privacy policies in specific circumstances, such as:. The (COPPA) affects websites that knowingly collect information about or targeted at children under the age of 13.

Any such websites must post a privacy policy and adhere to enumerated information-sharing restrictions COPPA includes a ' provision to promote Industry self-regulation. The requires institutions 'significantly engaged' in financial activities give 'clear, conspicuous, and accurate statements' of their information-sharing practices.

The Act also restricts use and sharing of financial information. The (HIPAA) privacy rules requires notice in writing of the privacy practices of health care services, and this requirement also applies if the health service is electronic.Some states have implemented more stringent regulations for privacy policies. The California of 2003 – Business and Professions Code sections 9 requires 'any commercial websites or online services that collect personal information on California residents through a web site to conspicuously post a privacy policy on the site'. Both Nebraska and Pennsylvania have laws treating misleading statements in privacy policies published on websites as deceptive or fraudulent business practices.

Canada Canada's federal applicable to the private sector is formally referred to as (PIPEDA). The purpose of the act is to establish rules to govern the collection, use, and disclosure of personal information by commercial organizations. The organization is allowed to collect, disclose and use the amount of information for the purposes that a reasonable person would consider appropriate in the circumstance.The Act establishes the as the Ombudsman for addressing any complaints that are filed against organizations. The Commissioner works to resolve problems through voluntary compliance, rather than heavy-handed enforcement.

The Commissioner investigates complaints, conducts audits, promotes awareness of and undertakes research about privacy matters. European Union.

Main articles: andThe right to privacy is a highly developed area of law in Europe. All the member states of the (EU) are also signatories of the (ECHR). Article 8 of the ECHR provides a right to respect for one's 'private and family life, his home and his correspondence', subject to certain restrictions. The has given this article a very broad interpretation in its jurisprudence.In 1980, in an effort to create a comprehensive data protection system throughout Europe, the (OECD) issued its 'Recommendations of the Council Concerning Guidelines Governing the Protection of Privacy and Trans-Border Flows of Personal Data'. Main article:The provides the legal framework for privacy in Australia. It includes a number of national privacy principles.

India The Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008 made significant changes to the, introducing Section 43A. This section provides compensation in the case where a body corporate that possesses, deals or handles any sensitive personal data or information in a computer resource that it owns, controls or operates, is negligent in implementing and maintaining reasonable security practices and procedures and thereby causes wrongful loss or wrongful gain to any person.In 2011, the Government of India prescribed the Information Technology (Reasonable security practices and procedures and sensitive personal data or information) Rules, 2011 by publishing it in the Official Gazette. These rules require a body corporate to provide a privacy policy for handling of or dealing in personal information including sensitive personal data or information.

This article's Criticism or Controversy section may compromise the article's of the subject. Please into the article as a whole, or rewrite the material. ( January 2015)Many critics have attacked the efficacy and legitimacy of privacy policies found on the Internet.Concerns exist about the effectiveness of industry-regulated privacy policies. For example, a 2000 FTC report Privacy Online: Fair Information Practices in the Electronic Marketplace found that while the vast majority of websites surveyed had some manner of privacy disclosure, most did not meet the standard set in the FTC Principles.

Sample Privacy Policy

In addition, many organizations reserve the express right to unilaterally change the terms of their policies. In June 2009 the website TOSback began tracking such changes on 56 popular internet services, including monitoring the privacy policies of, and.There are also questions about whether consumers understand privacy policies and whether they help consumers make more informed decisions. A 2002 report from the contended that a website's visual designs had more influence than the website's privacy policy when consumers assessed the website's credibility. A 2007 study by claimed 'when not presented with prominent privacy information.' Consumers were 'likely to make purchases from the vendor with the lowest price, regardless of that site's privacy policies'. However, the same study contends where private information is clearly presented, consumers prefer retailers who better protect their privacy and may 'pay a premium to purchase from more privacy protective websites'.

Furthermore, a 2007 study at the found that '75% of consumers think as long as a site has a privacy policy it means it won't share data with third parties,' confusing the existence of a privacy policy with extensive privacy protection.Privacy policies suffer generally from a lack of precision, especially when compared with the emerging form of the. Where privacy statements provide a more general overview of data collection and use, data use statements represent a much more specific treatment. As a result, privacy policies may not meet the increased demand for transparency that data use statements provide.Critics also question if consumers even read privacy policies or can understand what they read. A 2001 study by the claimed only 3% of consumers read privacy policies carefully, and 64% briefly glanced at, or never read, privacy policies. The average website user once having read a privacy statement may have more uncertainty about the trustworthiness of the website than before. One possible issue is length and complexity of policies.

According to a 2008 study, the average length of a privacy policy is 2,500 words and requires an average of 10 minutes to read. The study cited that 'Privacy policies are hard to read' and, as a result, 'read infrequently'. However, any efforts to make the information more presentable simplify the information to the point that it does not convey the extent to which users' data is being shared and sold. This is known as the 'transparency paradox.' References.

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Beyond Numbers 427 (2003): 10. 2011. Webfinance, Inc (2011). Retrieved 23 October 2011.

^ Cavoukian, Ann (1995). Who Knows: Safeguarding Your Privacy in A Networked World (paperback).: Random House of Canada. Overview of the Data Protection Directive,. U.S., 2009-03-31 at the. HR 237 IH, The Consumer Internet Privacy Enhancement Act, as Introduced in House, 107th Congress. HR 89 IH, Online Privacy Protection Act of 2001, as Introduced in House, 107th Congress. Kirby, Carrie 'FTC drops the Call for New Internet Privacy Laws,' SFGate, October 5, 2001.

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Also, see FAA Enforcement Database at. Helmer, Gabriel M. 'Cracking Down: FCC Initiates Enforcement Action Against Hundreds of Telecommunications Carriers For Failing to Certify Compliance With Customer Privacy Rules Security, Privacy and the Law, Foley Hoag, LLP, May 2009. Also see FCC Enforcement Center at. The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act,.

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Deceptive Trade Practices,. Branch, Legislative Services. Www.oecd.org. ^ Shimanek, Anna E. 'Do you Want Milk with those Cookies?: Complying with Safe Harbor Privacy Principles'. Journal of Corporation Law. 26 (2): 455, 462–463.

Safe Harbor Compliance,. Retrieved 2018-05-22. Retrieved 2018-05-22. Retrieved 2013-06-25. Office of the Australian Information Commissioner. Retrieved 2013-06-25. G.S.R.

313(E) dated 11 April 2011. Rule 4 of the Information Technology (Reasonable security practices and procedures and sensitive personal data or information) Rules, 2011.

Archived from on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2009-12-02. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title. Www.etrust.org. Softsteel Solutions 'The Platform for Privacy Preferences Project (P3P)', 2012-09-10 at.

CyLab Privacy Interest Group, 2006 Privacy Policy Trends Report. January, 2007. Millis, Elinor, 'EFF tracking policy changes at Google, Facebook and others,' Cnet Digital News, June 2009. Fogg, B. 'How Do People Evaluate a Web Site's Credibility?

(abstract)' BJ, Stanford Persuasive Technology Lab, November 2002, Stanford Web Credibility Project found at. Acquisti, Alessandro and Janice Tsai, Serge Egelman, Lorrie Cranor, 'The Effect of Online Privacy Information on Purchasing Behavior: An Experimental Study' Carnegie Mellon University, 2007. Gorell, Robert. 'Do Consumers Care About Online Privacy?'

October 2007. Citing a study by Chris Hoofnagle, UC-Berkeley's Bolt School of Law. Samuelson Law, Technology & Public Policy Clinic, 2009-11-28 at the.

Goldman, Eric. 'On My Mind: The Privacy Hoax,' October 2002,. Gazaleh, Mark (August 2008).

Wbsarchive.files.wordpress.com. Gazaleh, Mark. 'The Cost of Reading Privacy Policies,'Aleecia M. McDonald & Lorrie Faith Cranor,', July 2008. Barocas, Solon, and Helen Nissenbaum. “Big Data’s End Run around Anonymity and Consent.” Privacy, Big Data, and the Public Good, Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp.

Cambridge Core, doi.org/10.1017/CBO205.Further reading. Gazaleh, Mark (2008), WBS London, 35pp. Cavoukian, Ann (1995). Who Knows: Safeguarding Your Privacy in A Networked Worldwide (paperback).:.